Copyright: ©2001 by Design Science, Inc. All rights reserved.


Equation Editor Setup

This dialog allows you to either install Equation Editor or remove an existing Equation Editor installation.

Install

Click this option to install Equation Editor to the folder shown in the Destination Folder box.

Destination Folder:

Use this box to change the folder on your hard disk where Setup will install most of Equation Editor’s files. Use the Browse button to navigate to a folder. Setup will also install fonts and system files into appropriate system folders on your hard disk.

OK

Click OK to begin the installation process.

Exit

Click Exit to terminate Setup and abort the installation.

Remove

Click this option to remove Equation Editor from the folder shown in the Remove Equation Editor from box.

Remove Equation Editor from:

Use this box to choose which folder on your hard disk Setup will remove Equation Editor from. Use the Browse button to navigate to a folder.

OK

Click OK to begin the removal process.

Exit

Click Exit to terminate Setup and abort the removal.


Installing Equation Editor

To install Equation Editor, terminate all non-essential running applications, and then simply run the Equation Editor Setup program:

•	If you received Equation Editor on a CDROM, Windows will probably run Setup automatically when you insert the CD. If it doesn’t, just use the Run command to run SETUP.EXE in the Equation Editor folder of the CD.

•	If you downloaded Equation Editor electronically, run the self-extracting executable that you saved on your hard disk. Any temporary files will be automatically deleted when Setup is finished.

To complete the installation, just follow the instructions in Setup’s dialogs.


Removing Equation Editor

To remove Equation Editor, do one of the following:

•	Choose Remove Equation Editor from the Equation Editor 5 sub-menu of the Windows Start menu or,

•	Choose Control Panel from the Windows Start menu, double-click Add/Remove Programs, choose Equation Editor 5 from the list of removable applications.

This will run Equation Editor Setup with the Remove option pre-selected. Follow the instructions presented in Setup’s dialogs.


Moving Equation Editor to a Different Folder

If you decide to move Equation Editor and its components to a different folder on your hard disk, DO NOT just move the files using the Windows Explorer. This will not properly update Equation Editor and OLE’s entries in the Windows Registry and Equation Editor will not work properly. We recommend removing Equation Editor and then re-installing it in the new location.

See Also:

Removing Equation Editor

Installing Equation Editor


Release Notes

Thanks for using Equation Editor 5.2. We hope you will have an enjoyable experience using our product. We always enjoy hearing from our customers, so if you have a bug to report, a new feature to request, or anything else to say, please let us know (see Giving us Feedback). If there are any late-breaking news items that we think you need to know, you will find them listed below, under Current Issues.

See Also:

Installing Equation Editor

Getting started

Giving us Feedback

Current Issues (August 18, 2003):

No current issues.


Upgrading Equation Editor to MathType

MathType 5 by Design Science is the powerful, full-featured version of Equation Editor. If you frequently include equations in your documents, you will find MathType is much better suited to your needs. MathType is as easy to use as Equation Editor and has many extra features to help you work faster and create better-looking documents.

MathType 5 contains the following:

•	Euclid™ font set with hundreds of additional math symbols.

•	New templates and symbols for geometry, chemistry and much more.

•	Professional color support.

•	Create equations for World Wide Web documents.

•	Translators that output equations to other languages such as MathML, TeX, AMS-TeX, LaTeX, and custom languages.

•	Special menu and toolbar in Microsoft Word containing commands for:

•	Inserting inline and display equations.

•	Inserting equation numbers and references.

•	Converting Word documents to Web (HTML) pages, including equations.

•	Exporting equations in a Word document to individual graphics files.

•	Reformatting equations in a document to change fonts, sizes etc.

•	Customizable toolbars to hold hundreds of your most frequently used symbols, expressions and equations.

•	Customizable keyboard shortcuts.

•	Unlimited Undo and Redo commands

•	A comprehensive printed user manual, loaded with tips and tutorials.

•	Much more…

Visit MathType on the Web, or call Design Science to receive complete and current information about MathType.

Design Science, Inc.

(800) 827-0685 (United States and Canada only)

(562) 433-0685 (outside the United States and Canada)

(562) 433-6969 (fax)

E-mail: sales@dessci.com

Website: http://www.dessci.com/msee


Ways to Get Assistance While You Work

There are several ways to get help while using Equation Editor:

•	If you need help understanding how a specific dialog works, just click the Help button in that dialog to bring up Equation Editor’s online help.

•	If you need help understanding how a menu command works, click on the Index button in this window and find the menu name. Go to the page that describes the menu and find the section on that command. Alternatively, you can click on the Find button to search for the command.

•	Visit the technical support page at the MathType Web site (see getting help at the Mathtype Web site).

•	Contact our technical support department (see Technical support).


Technical Support

If you can’t solve your problem by reading this help file please contact technical support for the product with which you received Equation Editor. Alternatively, you can search the technical support area of the MathType Web site, as many of the Technical Support Notices there apply to Equation Editor as well.

See also:

Getting help at the Mathtype Web site


Getting Help at the MathType Web Site

We have many technical support notices at our Web site that can give you detailed solutions to common Equation Editor problems. This is often the quickest way to solve your problem as it is available 24 hours per day. Even though most of the technical support notices are written for MathType, many of them apply to Equation Editor as well.

Just visit the MathType home page (http://www.dessci.com) and click on Technical Support on that page.

See also:

Technical support


Giving us Feedback

We are very interested in what you think of Equation Editor. Please send any criticism, praise, enhancement requests, etc. to support@dessci.com. Please be precise in your description. If the request is for some new character or template, please send a good-quality photocopy of the most professionally typeset version you can find of what you have in mind to:

Enhancement Request
Design Science, Inc.
4028 Broadway
Long Beach, CA 90803

Don’t send it by fax, the resolution is not high enough.


Other Style Dialog

Use this dialog to assign a particular font and character style to selected characters or subsequently typed characters.

If you are using Equation Editor in the way we intended, you will not use this dialog often. We recommend that you use styles rather than explicit fonts and character styles as much as possible, to take advantage of Equation Editor’s "intelligent" application of mathematical typesetting rules.


Matrix Dialog

This dialog is used to define or modify the attributes of a matrix template. To create a new matrix, use the matrix palette. To modify an existing matrix, select it or place the insertion point anywhere in it and choose Change Matrix from the Format menu.

Column align

Choose either Left, Center, Right, At = (relational operator), or At. (decimal point) to align all the matrix elements in all columns. In the current version of Equation Editor, it is not possible to apply alignment to a single column.

# of Columns

Enter the number of columns desired for the matrix. Note that by reducing the number of columns, the contents of the deleted columns will be lost.

Equal column widths

Check this option to force all the columns of the matrix to have the same width.

Row align

Choose either Top, Baseline, or Bottom to align all the matrix elements in all rows. In the current version of Equation Editor, it is not possible to apply alignment to a single row.

# of Rows

Enter the number of rows desired for the matrix. Note that by reducing the number of rows, the contents of the deleted rows will be lost.

Equal row heights

Check this option to force all the rows of the matrix to have the same height.

Partition lines

The preview image of the matrix allows you to add partition lines between the rows and columns of the matrix, as well as around the edges. Click between the elements to change the style of the line between the elements. Each click selects a different line style: rotating through solid, dashed, dotted, and finally no line at all.

Clear all lines

Push this button to remove all partition lines.


Zoom Dialog

This dialog allows you to change the scale at which you see equations in Equation Editor. Increase the zoom scale to make it easier to see fine details of your equations. Reduce it to see more of your equations on screen. The zoom scale will not affect the size of equations in word processing documents or when they are printed.


Other Size Dialog

Use this dialog to assign a particular size to selected characters or subsequently typed characters. You must enter the size in points (decimal fractions are allowed).

If you are using Equation Editor in the way we intended, you will not use this dialog often. We recommend that you use system of typesizes rather than sizes as much as possible, to take advantage of Equation Editor’s "intelligent" application of mathematical typesetting rules.


Define Styles Dialog

This dialog allows you to change the font and character style assigned to each style for the entire equation or for new equations.

This dialog has two panes, Simple and Advanced, that let you modify the same settings in two different ways.

Simple:

The settings on this pane allow you to quickly change the most common options. Choosing a Primary font assigns this font to the Text, Function, Variable, Vector-Matrix and Number styles, and also sets the Vector-Matrix style to bold. Choosing a Greek and math fonts option sets the L.C. Greek, U.C. Greek, Symbol and Extra Math styles. The Italic checkboxes affect their respective styles.

If you make changes in the Advanced pane such that the above patterns of font and character style do not apply, when you switch to the Simple pane the settings for Primary font and/or Greek and math fonts will be blank. Either choose new options, or return to the Advanced pane to make minor changes.

Advanced:

Use this pane to get finer control over your style assignments.

Support for international keyboards:

If your primary written language uses a non-Roman character set (e.g. Greek, Cyrillic), you probably have more than one logical keyboard installed on your computer (Input Locales in the Keyboard section of the Windows Control Panel) that you can switch between using either a keyboard shortcut or the keyboard menu in the System Tray, next to the clock in the Windows Task Bar. If you don’t have one now, you may want to add one to make it easier to type Roman alphabet characters for math. Most mathematics in the world uses the Roman alphabet and many non-English keyboard layouts have replaced some of the useful math keys (e.g. +, <, >) by alternate characters, it is often more convenient to have both an English keyboard and a non-English keyboard installed.

Equation Editor has a special feature for users that have multiple logical keyboards. You can cause the current style to switch to Text whenever you switch to the keyboard for your native language and switch back to math when you switch to the English keyboard. Similarly, you can make the keyboard switch whenever you change style to Text and switch back when you choose a different style, presumably to type more math.

If you have multiple logical keyboards, the Language/Keyboard section will be displayed at the bottom of the Define Styles dialog:

Text style

This menu allows you to choose the keyboard to associate with the Text style. Whenever you switch to the keyboard chosen here, Equation Editor will switch the current style to Text and vice versa. To break this association, choose Any.

Other styles

This menu allows you to choose the keyboard to associate with all styles except Text. Whenever you switch to the keyboard chosen here, Equation Editor will switch the current style to Math and vice versa. To break this association, choose Any.


Define Sizes Dialog

This dialog is used to view and/or modify the point sizes assigned to typesizes for the entire equation or for new equations. Click in one of the typesize values to view a descriptive picture to the right that gives you an idea of where the particular size will be used in your equations.

Changing the main font size of equations

The main font size of an equation is the point size used for most of the equation, as opposed to the size used for subscripts and large symbols, like summation signs and integrals. In Equation Editor’s system of typesizes, the main font size is called Full size. To make it easy to change the font size of equations as a whole without changing the proportions between the various sizes, Equation Editor defines all the other typesizes as percentages of the Full size. So, to change the size of the equation as a whole, just enter a new point size for Full size.

Use for new equations

If this option is checked, the sizes will be changed for both for the current equation and for new equations you create from that point on (see new equation preferences). If you uncheck this option, the equation preferences will affect only the current equation.

Factory settings

Click this button to restore the sizes in this dialog to the factory settings.

See Also:

point sizes

typesizes

units

defaults for new equations

factory settings

equation preferences


Define Spacing Dialog

This dialog is used to view and/or modify the spacing dimensions for the entire equation or for new equations. Click in one of the spacing values to view a descriptive picture to the right that gives you an idea of where the particular dimension will be used in your equations.

Most spacing dimensions are distances. These distances can be entered in specific distance units or as a percentage of the Full typesize. The latter allows the spacing to change in proportion to the size you assign to Full in the Define Sizes dialog.

A few spacing values are percentages of some normal value, rather than distances. These are indicated in the spacing value description as (% of normal) and can only be entered as percentages. For example, the operator spacing factor is such a value. Equation Editor determines the spacing between operators and the variables to which they are applied according to the rules of mathematical typesetting but, if you desire, you can reduce this spacing by entering a percentage of less than 100%. Similarly, you can add more spacing by entering a percentage of greater than 100%.

Use for new equations

If this option is checked, the spacing dimensions will be changed for both for the current equation and for new equations you create from that point on (see new equation preferences). If you uncheck this option, the spacing dimensions will affect only the current equation.

Factory settings

Click this button to restore the spacing dimensions in this dialog to the factory settings.

See Also:

units

defaults for new equations

factory settings

equation preferences


Line Spacing Dialog

This dialog is used to change the line spacing of line(s) in the current selection or the line containing the insertion point. Line spacing is measured from the baseline of the line whose spacing is being changed to the baseline of the line below it.

Please note that changing line spacing in this dialog does not affect the line spacing used throughout the equation or for new equations. This can be changed in the Define Spacing dialog.

Factory settings

Click this button to restore the line spacing to the factory settings.

See Also:

units

factory settings


Styles

Each character in an Equation Editor equation is either directly assigned a specific font and character style, or is assigned one of nine "styles". Equation Editor’s styles are somewhat analogous to text styles in word processing and page layout applications. Each one is defined as a combination of a font and character style (e.g. Times/bold/italic or Symbol/bold). Styles save you from having to worry about fonts and character styles separately, and hence speed up your work and help you maintain consistency in your equations. Also, by changing the definition of a style, you can quickly change the appearance of all the characters that use it.

The 9 styles available in Equation Editor are Text, Function, Variable, Lower-case Greek, Upper-case Greek, Symbol, Vector-Matrix, Number, and Extra Math. Equation Editor will often assign certain styles to certain kinds of characters automatically, based on its knowledge of mathematics and typesetting conventions. This intelligent assignment of styles is a unique feature of Equation Editor which significantly increases your productivity and reduces typographical errors.


One-shot style shortcuts
One-shot Style Commands

One-shot style commands allow you to quickly enter a character into an equation without changing the current style. If you type the shortcut assigned to one of these commands, the style associated with the command will be used on the next character you type.

There are two one-shot style commands:

Greek-Symbol	Ctrl+G

This will assign the L.C. Greek or the U.C. Greek style if you type a letter, or the Symbol style if you type anything else.

Vector-Matrix	Ctrl+B

This will assign the Vector-Matrix style to the next character you type.


Insert a specific character or symbol
Inserting a Specific Character or Symbol

Place the insertion point where you want the new character to be inserted. Then insert the character by:

Using the Symbol Palettes:

•	Use the mouse or the keyboard to find the symbol desired in the symbol palettes;

•	Click on the symbol in the palette (or just release the mouse button, if it is already pressed).


Getting Started

Here’s the way to get started:

•	Run your favorite word processor;

•	Start a new document;

•	Choose Object… from the Insert menu (see Insert Object), Select Equation Editor Equation 5.0 from the list of available object types. Click OK and an Equation Editor equation window will be displayed.

Note to Microsoft Word 97 users: Uncheck the Float over text option. Equations normally flow with text. If this option doesn’t stay unchecked, contact Microsoft to get a fix for Word. Word 2000 doesn’t have this problem, although you can still float equations over text if you really want to.

•	Create your equation.

•	When the equation is complete, click in the equation window’s close box (or choose Close and return to document from the File menu) to return to the word processing document. The new equation should appear in your document.

•	Repeat the above process whenever you want to add another equation to the document. If you want to edit an equation you have already created, simply double-click on the equation to bring it up in an Equation Editor equation window, ready for you to make changes.


Equation Editor's End-User License Agreement

License Grant

The accompanying Software and User Manual are proprietary products owned by Design Science, Inc., and protected under U.S. and international copyright law. Except as authorized under this License Grant, the Software may be used only on computers owned, leased, or otherwise controlled by you and only on one computer at a time. Concurrent use on two or more computers is not permitted without separate authorization and the payment of additional license fees. You may not reverse assemble, reverse compile, or otherwise translate the Software.

You may make copies of the software for backup purposes. Except as authorized under this License Grant, no copies of the Software or the User Manual may be made by you or any person under your authority or control.

You are permitted to provide the Fonts included with the Software to third parties solely for the purpose of allowing them to read, view or print documents you create and in accordance with the conditions of this agreement. Distribution of the Fonts to such third parties may be done by embedding the Fonts in your documents or you may distribute the Font Installer component of the Software in accordance with a separate Equation Editor Font License supplied with the Software and also available from Design Science.

Limited Warranty

Design Science makes no warranties, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Any remedy under this warranty is limited to return of the software and the user manual to the dealer or to Design Science for replacement or refund. This warranty is valid for 90 days from your date of purchase. Design Science excludes any warranty coverage for incidental or consequential damages. Some states do not allow limitations on implied warranties, so some of the above limitations may not apply to you.

See Also

Questions and answers about your license agreement

Multi-user and site licensing


File Menu

New	Ctrl+N

Opens a new, empty, equation window so that you can work in it. You can use this type of window as a scratchpad for equations to be copied via the clipboard or drag-and-drop into other equation windows or documents.

Close	Ctrl+F4

Closes the equation window. If you have made changes to the equation in this window, a dialog box will appear asking you to confirm this action. You can also close a window by clicking the Close Box in the upper-right corner of the window.

Close and Return to (Document) 	Ctrl+F4

This command appears instead of the ordinary Close command when the current Equation Editor window contains an equation that is embedded in a document via OLE. The name of the document is indicated in the command title. When you choose this command, the contents of the current window are inserted into your document, replacing any previous version of the equation. You can also close a window by clicking the Close Box in the upper-right corner of the window.

Update	Ctrl+S

This command is only available when the Equation Editor window in which you’re working contains an equation that’s embedded in a document via OLE. When you choose the Update command, the contents of the Equation Editor window are inserted into your document, replacing any previous version of the equation. It is usually not necessary to choose the Update command to save your equation, because you will be asked if you want to save the equation when you choose the Close and Return to (Document) command.

Exit	Alt+F4

Terminates the Equation Editor program. If you have made changes to equations in open Equation Editor windows, you will be asked if you want to continue and lose those changes.


Edit Menu

Undo (command)	Ctrl+Z

Undoes the last command as shown in the text of the menu item. This item will be grayed out if the last command cannot be undone. If the last command was an Undo command, this menu item will be the Redo command, described below.

Redo (command)	Ctrl+Z

Redoes the last command immediately after an Undo command.

Cut	Ctrl+X

Copies whatever is currently selected to the Clipboard, and deletes it from the equation.

Copy	Ctrl+C

Copies whatever is currently selected to the Clipboard.

Paste	Ctrl+V

Inserts the contents of the Clipboard into the equation at the insertion point, or replaces whatever is selected with the contents of the Clipboard. For this command to be successful, the Clipboard must contain an Equation Editor equation, a Microsoft Equation Editor equation, or a Microsoft Word "formula field" equation (created using Word’s formula typesetting commands).

Clear

Removes whatever is currently selected from the equation. The items removed are not transferred to the Clipboard, so this command does not affect the contents of the Clipboard. The effect is the same as if you had pressed the Backspace or Delete key.

Select All 	Ctrl+A

Selects the entire equation, including portions that may be outside the bounds of the window. This command is useful for subsequently copying the equation to the Clipboard for transfer to a word processing document, or before using the Backspace or Delete keys to delete the entire contents of the equation window.


View Menu

100%	Ctrl+1
200%	Ctrl+2
400%	Ctrl+4

Directly set the viewing scale at which you are viewing the equation.

Zoom

This item displays up the Zoom dialog which allows you to change the viewing scale.

Toolbar	Ctrl+Alt+B

This command toggles the display of the entire toolbar. A checkmark next to this menu item indicates that toolbar is currently displayed. See Toolbars for more information.

Show All	Ctrl+Y

This command toggles the display of certain special symbols in Equation Editor equations. These symbols include tab characters, explicitly entered spaces, and alignment marks. A checkmark next to this menu item indicates that these special symbols are currently displayed. The special symbols will not be printed or appear in equations that you have inserted into documents.

(open windows)

The titles of all open equation windows are listed at the bottom of the View menu. You can bring any of these windows to the front just by choosing its name from this menu or clicking on its name in the Windows Task Bar.


Equation Editor on the Web sub-menu
MathType on the Web Sub-menu

MathType Home Page…

This command will start your Web browser and send it to the MathType home page (http://www.dessci.com). This command will not work unless you have a Web browser installed and it is set as the default browser .

Upgrading Equation Editor to MathType…

This command will invoke your Web browser and send it to the tech support area of the MathType Web site where we have many tips and tech support notices that will give you help solving problems and information on compatibility with other applications. This command will not work unless you have a Web browser installed and it is set as the default browser.


Toolbar: Overview

Click on a part of the toolbar to find out about it:

Equation Editor’s toolbar is used to enter symbols and templates into the equation you are working on.

See Also:

Symbol Palettes

Template Palettes


Format Menu

Align Left 	Ctrl+Shift+L
Align Center	Ctrl+Shift+J
Align Right 	Ctrl+Shift+R
Align at =
Align at .

Moves lines in a pile horizontally so that the desired alignment is achieved. Align at = actually will align at any relational operator.

Change Matrix…

Brings up the Matrix dialog allowing you to modify a previously created matrix. To make this command available, either select a matrix or place the insertion point in one of its elements.

Define Spacing…

Brings up the Define Spacing dialog allowing you to set various equation dimensions (e.g. fraction bar thickness) for the entire equation or for new equations.


Style Menu

The commands on this menu assign a style to the selected part of the equation or subsequently typed characters. The current style or the style of the selection (if it is all of one style) is shown in the status bar.

Math	Ctrl+Shift+=

The Math style is the default style for typing mathematics. When the current style is Math, Equation Editor assigns the Variable, Function, Number, or Symbol styles automatically based on what you type. If Equation Editor recognizes a sequence of alphabetic characters as a standard abbreviation for a mathematical function (e.g. sin for the sine trigonometric function), it will use the Function style. All other alphabetic characters are assigned the Variable style.

Text	Ctrl+Shift+E

Use the Text style when you want to type a sentence or phrase in English (or other natural language) instead of in math. When in Text style, the spacebar will be enabled to allow you to enter spaces between words.

Function	Ctrl+Shift+F

Use this command to create a function that was not automatically given Function style.

Variable	Ctrl+Shift+V

Use this command to assign the Variable style to characters that would otherwise be given a different style. For example, sin is a function name that Equation Editor will automatically assign the Function style. You would use this command if you actually wanted to enter three adjacent variables, "s", "I", and "n".

Greek-Symbol	Ctrl+Shift+G

This command allows you to use the keyboard to type Greek letters. Once this style is active, the letters you type will be given either the L.C. Greek or U.C. Greek style, depending on whether you type a lower-case (small) or upper-case (capital) letter.

Often it is easier to enter a single Greek letter by using the Greek symbol palette. This avoids having to switch into Greek style and back again.

Vector-Matrix	Ctrl+Shift+B

Mathematical vectors and matrices are sometimes given a bold character style. Use this command to assign the Vector-Matrix style to selected text or subsequently typed characters.

Other…

This command brings up the Other Style dialog, allowing you to assign a specific font and character style to selected text or subsequently typed characters.

Define…

This command brings up the Define Styles dialog, allowing you to change the font and character style assigned to each style for the entire equation or for new equations. You can also invoke this command by double-clicking on the Style area of the status bar.


Size Menu

The commands on this menu assign a typesize or an explicit point size to the current selection or subsequently typed characters. The current size or the size of the selection (if it is all of one size) is shown in the status bar.

Full

Assigns the Full typesize either to selected characters or to characters that you type subsequently.

Subscript

Assigns the Subscript typesize either to selected characters or to characters that you type subsequently.

Sub-subscript

Assigns the Sub-subscript typesize either to selected characters or to characters that you type subsequently.

Symbol

Assigns the Symbol typesize either to selected characters or to characters that you type subsequently.

Sub-symbol

Assigns the Sub-symbol typesize either to selected characters or to characters that you type subsequently.

Other…

Brings up the Other Size dialog in which you can enter a specific font size in points.

Define…

This command brings up the Define Sizes dialog, allowing you to change the specific point size assigned to each typesize for the entire equation or for new equations. You can also invoke this command by double-clicking on the Size area of the status bar.


Help Menu

This menu contains commands that bring up Equation Editor’s online help, or find out about the Equation Editor application (e.g. its version number).

Contents and Index	F1

This command displays the table-of-contents for Equation Editor’s online help.

MathType on the Web

The MathType on the Web sub-menu contains commands for viewing the MathType Web site using your browser. One command opens MathType’s home page so you can explore the MathType Web site, the other opens a page that explains how to upgrade to MathType.

About Equation Editor…

This command displays Equation Editor’s About box showing you:

•	The version of the Equation Editor application you are currently using;

•	Design Science contact information;


Status Bar

The Status Bar is displayed along the bottom edge of every equation window. It contains three areas that show the settings that will be used for material you subsequently type:

Style

This area shows which of Equation Editor’s styles will be assigned to characters you enter. Normally, this is Math which means Equation Editor will automatically assign styles based on which characters you type; the Function style for functions, the Variable style for variables, and so on. You can cause characters you type to have a specific style or font by choosing commands from the Style menu. As a shortcut, you can also right-click in this status bar area to choose from the same menu.

Size

This area shows which of Equation Editor’s typesizes will be assigned to characters you enter. Normally, Equation Editor will automatically assign sizes based on the position of the slot containing the insertion point or selection; Subscript size in a subscript or limit, for example. You can cause characters you type to have a specific size by choosing commands from the Size menu. As a shortcut, you can also right-click in this area to choose a new size.

Zoom

This area shows the current viewing scale for the window. This can be changed by choosing commands from the View menu or by double-clicking in this area to bring up the Zoom dialog. You can also right-click in this area to choose a new zoom scale.


Drag & drop
Drag and Drop

Any selected part of an equation may be moved or copied to some other place in the equation by using the drag-and-drop technique:

•	Select the part of the equation you want to move or copy.

•	Click on the selection with the mouse and hold the mouse button down.

•	While continuing to hold the mouse button down, move the mouse pointer over the place you want to move or copy to.

•	When the mouse pointer is in the desired position, release the button to complete the operation.

•	Normally, the selected part of the equation will be moved to the new location but, if you hold the Control key down while dragging, it will be copied, leaving the original material intact.


Toolbar: Template Palettes

The Template Palettes consist of 9 pull-down menus. Each menu is filled with items that insert a template into your equation at the insertion point. Although they look a little different, the palette menus work just like the Windows application menus you are already familiar with. The template description is displayed in the status bar as the mouse passes over each palette menu item.

To enclose an expression in your equation by a template (e.g. a radical sign around its contents), simply select it before inserting the template.

See Also:

Toolbar: Overview

Replacing one template by another

Expanding integrals

Toolbar: Viewing and Positioning


Toolbar: Symbol Palettes

The Symbol Palettes consist of 10 pull-down menus. Each menu is filled with items that insert a single character or symbol into your equation at the insertion point. Although they look a little different, the palette menus work just like the Windows application menus you are already familiar with. The symbol description is displayed in the status bar as the mouse passes over each palette menu item.

See Also:

Toolbar: Overview

Toolbar: Viewing and Positioning


Toolbar: Viewing and Positioning

You can:

•	Dock or float the toolbar

Just double-click on the toolbar’s Drag Handle, its title, or any empty part of the toolbar to toggle between docked and floating. You can also dock the toolbar by dragging it over the top or bottom of an equation window and releasing it (the drag outline will change to indicate you are over a docking position). You can prevent the toolbar from docking by holding down the Ctrl key while dragging.

•	Move the toolbar

You can drag the floating toolbar as you would any window to move it. If the toolbar is docked, you can move it to the top or bottom of the window by dragging it.

•	Hide or show the toolbar

The Toolbar command on the View menu toggles between hiding and showing the toolbar. If you can create all the equations you need from the keyboard, you might want to hide the toolbar to allow more screen space for equations.


Replacing One Template by Another

Sometimes it is necessary to replace one template in your equation by another after you have already filled the templates slots. To avoid having to do a lot of cutting and pasting or re-entering of the expressions, you can replace the original template by another different one from the toolbar. Follow these steps:

•	Select the template and its contents to be replaced. Be careful not to select adjacent characters or templates;

•	While holding the Ctrl key down, select the new template from the Template Palettes.

The new template will replace the old one and the expressions in the original templates slots will be moved to the corresponding slots of the new template.


Missing Table-of-contents

If you got here, the Equation Editor help file’s table-of-contents is missing. This file is named EE5ENU.CNT and must be in the same directory as the help file itself (EE5ENU.HLP). Either locate the file yourself and move it to its proper location or re-install Equation Editor.


Toolbar: Navigating in the using the keyboard
Toolbar: Navigating Using the Keyboard

There are two methods for beginning keyboard access to the toolbar.

Navigating in a palette menu

Once a symbol or template palette menu is pulled down, you can use the arrow keys to move the focus around in the menu. Once you have moved the focus to a symbol or template you want to insert into the equation, type Enter. To close the menu without inserting anything, type Esc (the Escape key) or click somewhere else with the mouse. You may have to type Esc more than once to set the focus back to the equation.

Setting the focus to one of the bars

There are several pre-defined keyboard shortcuts that will place the keyboard focus in each of the bars that make up the toolbar:

F2/F5	Symbol palettes

F6	Template palettes

Once the focus is one of the bars, you can use the arrow keys to move the focus around in the desired direction. Besides the arrow keys, these keys are also used:

Enter (return): Type this key to insert a symbol, template, or expression into the equation once you have moved the focus over the one you want. You also use this key to open (pull down) a palette menu that is closed.

Esc (escape): Type this key to return the focus back to the equation or to close an open palette menu.


Start Menu

When Equation Editor is installed, an Equation Editor 5 sub-menu is added to the Windows Start menu. It contains the following items:

Equation Editor

Runs the Equation Editor application in its normal, non-server mode.

Remove Equation Editor

Removes the Equation Editor application and supporting files from your computer. See Removing Equation Editor.

Equation Editor Help

Opens this help file at its Table of Contents.

Equation Editor Read Me

Opens this help file at its release notes page.


Letting Other People View and Print your Documents

If you give someone a document that contains Equation Editor equations, they will need to have all fonts used by the document and its equations in order to properly view and print your documents. Normally, this is just the "MT Extra" TrueType font. This font is in the file "mtextra.ttf", and can be found using the "Fonts" Control Panel.

This problem can be solved in two ways:

•	You can send the fonts to your associate along with the document. This can be done with the Equation Editor fonts. However, this may violate your license agreement for other fonts.

•	If the document is a Microsoft Word document, you can make use of its font embedding feature to attach the fonts to the document. This is available as an option in Word’s Save As dialog. Other applications may have a similar font embedding feature.

Remember, if your document or its equations use other fonts besides Equation Editor’s, these must also be installed in order to print or view them.


OLE (Object Linking and Embedding)

OLE is a Microsoft Windows software technology that allows you to add objects (in Equation Editor's case, equations) directly into your word processing document.

To add an equation to a document, choose the word processor's Insert Object command and choose "Equation Editor Equation 5.0" from the list of object types.


Relational operator

This is any character that Equation Editor considers to be in the class of mathematical symbols that describe a relationship between the expression to the left of the symbol and the one to the right. Examples of relational operator include = (equals), < (less-than), and > (greater-than). Equation Editor surrounds relational operators with a larger amount of space than other kinds of operator.


Clipboard

A temporary holding place for information (pictures, text, etc.) to transfer between one place and another using the Cut, Copy, and Paste commands on the Edit menus of most Windows applications.

Copy places a copy of the selection on the clipboard. Cut works the same as Copy but also deletes the selection. Paste inserts a copy of the contents of the clipboard at the insertion point or replaces the current selection.


Typesizes

In Equation Editor, a typesize is simply a character size that you can refer to by name, rather than by numerical value. Each character you enter in an Equation Editor equation is automatically assigned one of five typesizes (Full, Subscript/Superscript, Sub-Subscript/Superscript, Symbol, and Sub-Symbol) depending on its position in the equation. You will usually not have to worry about which typesize is currently in effect; Equation Editor "knows" when you are entering a subscript, for example, and assigns the Subscript typesize automatically. By changing the definition of a typesize, you can quickly change the size of all the characters that use it.


Points

This is a standard unit of distance in printing, graphic design, and typesetting. There are 72.28 points in an inch. A point is .3515 mm.


Units

You can enter dimensions such as spaces and sizes using any one of several units by choosing from the pop-up menu directly to the right of where you enter the value of the dimension. Equation Editor accepts the following units:

Points (pt): This is the most common unit and is Equation Editor’s default. There are approximately 72 points in an inch.

Centimeters (cm)

Inches (in)

Picas (pi): There are approximately 6 picas in an inch.

Percentage of Full size (%): Use this unit to make a dimension vary in proportion to the Full typesize as defined in the Define Sizes dialog. This allows you to change the overall size of your equations while maintaining the same spacing.

See Also:

Define Sizes Dialog

Define Spacing Dialog


Keyboard shortcuts

A keyboard shortcut is a combination of one or more keystrokes, usually involving the Ctrl, Shift, and/or Alt keys, that invokes a menu command or inserts a symbol or template. Equation Editor has many built-in keyboard shortcuts but you can create your own using the Customize Keyboard command on the Preferences menu.

The keystrokes that define a keyboard shortcut are displayed in menus, the status bar, and dialogs using standard Windows abbreviations. For example, Alt+Shift+F1 means to press the Alt, Shift, and F1 keys down simultaneously.

Equation Editor allows you to define two-stroke shortcuts that consist of one stroke followed by another. For example, Alt+Shift+F1,A  means to press the Alt, Shift, and F1 keys down simultaneously, immediately followed by pressing the A key.


Factory settings

These are the preferences that were in effect right after installing Equation Editor for the very first time, before you changed any of them. See also equation preferences and new equation preferences.


Nudging

You can make fine adjustments to the position of any equation elements. Just select the part of the equation you want to adjust, hold the Ctrl key down, and use the arrow keys to move in the desired direction.


Character Style

Equation Editor uses the term character style to refer to stylistic variations of a font, such as bold or italic. Equation Editor supports only plain, italic, bold, and bold-italic styles. Underlines and overlines can be applied using the underbar template.

Be careful not to confuse this term with style.


Function

Functions are mathematical operators represented by multi-character names such as sin or cos, as opposed to single-character operators like + or –. Equation Editor automatically recognizes standard function names as you type and gives them the Function style. You can add or remove function names from the automatic recognition process using the Functions Recognized dialog.


Font

A font is a set of characters having a common stylistic look. Equation Editor allows access to all fonts installed on your computer (except old-style bitmap and vector fonts). Use the Windows Control Panel's Fonts section to install and remove fonts.

Use the Windows Character Map to review the available fonts or to explore the characters contained in each font. Character Map is available from the Start Button,


Focus

Focus refers to the part of the window to which keystrokes will be sent. It is usually highlighted in some way.

Examples:

•	When an Equation Editor equation has the focus, the insertion point blinks to indicate that whatever you type will be entered into the equation.

•	When a symbol or template in the palette menus has the focus, it is displayed with a raised outline around it to indicate that if you type Enter the symbol or template will be inserted into the equation.


Current Equation

The current equation is the one you are editing in the top-most Equation Editor window or, when working in one of Equation Editor's dialogs, the equation in the window whose menu was used to display the dialog.


Math Axis

The math axis is an imaginary horizontal line to which certain math elements align, such as the bars in plus signs, the point of curly braces, fraction bars, etc.

For example:


Pile

A pile is a vertical stack of lines (or slots). You can create a pile by simply typing Enter in a line (slot). You can use the Align commands in the Format menu to change the horizontal alignment of the lines in a pile.


Slot

A slot is a place in the equation that hold symbols and templates. Each slot behaves much like a line of text in a word processor. Empty slots are displayed as a dotted rectangle.


Equation Preferences

Equation preferences is the term we give to the set of styles, sizes and spacing rules applied to an equation.


Web Browser

A Web browser is a program that allows you to view pages on the World Wide Web which is part of the Internet. Popular Web browsers include Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Netscape's Communicator and Navigator.

Use of these programs require that you have Internet access from your computer. If you are not sure whether you have Internet access, check with your system manager or help desk.

See also default Web browser.


Default Web Browser

The default Web browser is a Windows user preference setting that determines which (if any) of the Web browsers installed on your computer will be used when you try to access a World Wide Web address (http://...) on the Internet from any program other than a browser.

Refer to your browser's online help to find out how to make it the default Web browser.


Insertion Point

The insertion point is a blinking line (or lines) indicating the place in the equation at which characters you type, symbols and templates you insert, will go. Here's what the insertion point looks like when it is at the end of the slot containing the summation:


Expanding Integrals

Normally, in professionally typeset mathematics, integral signs in equations are all the same size. Occasionally, however, you may want an integral to expand to the height of its contents.

To enter an expanding integral template instead of the normal one, just hold the Shift key down as you insert the integral from the template palettes.


Template

A template is a formatted arrangement of nested slots and symbols. Templates are inserted into equations using the template palettes.


Symbol

A symbol is another name for a single character. Symbols are inserted into equations using the symbol palettes, or simply typed from the keyboard.


Defaults for New Equations
These are equation preferences that are used for any equation you create from scratch by choosing New from the File menu or using Insert Object in an OLE-compatible application. See also factory settings.


OLE's Insert Object command

Most OLE-compatible applications have an Insert Object command. This is usually the Object… command on the Insert menu, but may be available in other ways (e.g. a toolbar button, a different menu item). If you have trouble finding an application’s Insert Object command, look up "OLE" in its documentation.

This command allows you to insert any kind of object for which you have software installed on your computer, including equations. The Insert Object command will bring up a list of all the objects you can insert. To insert an Equation Editor equation, select Equation Editor Equation 5.0.

Microsoft Word Users: Make sure you uncheck the Float over text checkbox so that the new equation will flow with the text in your document.